United Russia

The All-Russian Political Party "United Russia" is a conservative political party in Russia. As the largest party in the Russian Federation, it holds 325 (or 72.22%) of the 450 seats in the State Duma , having constituted the majority in the chamber since 2007. The party was formed on 1 December 2001 through a merger of Unity, Fatherland – All Russia, and the Our Home – Russia. Following the 2003 and 2011 election results, United Russia held a parliamentary majority in the State Duma and a constitutional majority in 2007, 2016, and 2021. United Russia supports the policies of the incumbent President of Russia, Vladimir Putin, who previously served as party leader during the presidency of Dmitry Medvedev; despite not currently being the official leader or a member of the party, Putin operates as its de facto leader. The party peaked in the 2007 Russian legislative election with 64.3% of the vote, while in recent years, it has seen its popularity decline. The party's ideology has been inconsistent but embraces specific politicians and officials who hold various political views but support Putin. The party appeals mainly to pro-Putin and non-ideological voters and is often classified by political scientists as a "big-tent party" or as a "party of power", meaning that it is the most influential Russian political force that makes major political decisions. In 2009, it proclaimed Russian conservatism as its official ideology. In the Duma elections of 2011, for the first time, the United Russia electoral list was formed based on the results of the preliminary (primary) elections held jointly with the All-Russia People's Front.