Peltola is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Buzzy Peltola (1966–2023), American public servant and naturalist
Juha Peltola (born 1975), Finnish orienteering competitor
Jukka Peltola (born 1987), Finnish ice hockey player
Markku Peltola (1956–2007), Finnish actor and musician
Mary Peltola (born 1973), Yup'ik American politician
Matti Peltola (born 2002), Finnish professional football player
Niko Peltola (born 1990), Finnish professional ice hockey defenceman
Pirjo Peltola (born 1961), Finnish sport shooter
Timo Peltola (born 1972), Finnish judoka
Ville-Joonas Peltola (born 1985), Finnish professional ice hockey player