geospatial foundation model

A geospatial foundation model (GFM), also referred to as an Earth observation foundation model, represents a paradigm shift in Earth system modeling by utilizing data-centric artificial intelligence (DCAI) to train on petabytes of structured and unstructured geoscientific data. Unlike conventional, task-specific deep learning systems, GFMs use massive cross-disciplinary datasets to model the Earth's interactive and complex dynamics, offering highly flexible task specifications, multimodal inputs/outputs, and advanced geoscientific knowledge representation.