Fort Pierce

Fort Pierce (also spelled Peirce or Pearce and also known as Peirce's Mill or Pierce's Stockade), was two separate stockade forts built in 1813 in present-day Baldwin County, Alabama (then Mississippi Territory), during the Creek War, which was part of the larger War of 1812. The fort was originally built by settlers in the Mississippi Territory to protect themselves from attacks by Creek warriors. A new fort of the same name was then built by the United States military in preparation for further action in the War of 1812, but the fort was essentially abandoned within a few years. Nothing exists at the site today. History Background The War of 1812 was fought between the United States (along with various allied Native American tribes), and the United Kingdom, Spain (eventually involved), and various Native American tribes. Although the war initially took place in the northeastern part of the United States and southeastern Canada, conflicts soon reached into the southeastern United States and Spanish West Florida. The Creek War began in 1813 as a regional conflict of the War of 1812. The war initially pitted two rival factions of the Creek tribe against each other: the Red Sticks, who opposed a centralized Creek national government and opposed encroachment of American settlers, versus the White Sticks, who supported a centralized Creek national government and were accepting of European culture (such as subsistence farming). After the Shawnee warrior Tecumseh visited the Creeks in 1811, the Red Sticks embraced the call to oppose American settlers and their culture. The United States entered the Creek War in hopes of preventing the Red Sticks from becoming allied with the United Kingdom. The American military was supported by local militias and allied Native Americans (including White Sticks, Choctaws, and Chickasaws), while the Red Sticks were supplied by the United Kingdom and Spain. In retaliation for American involvement, Red Sticks began attacking American settlers. In response, many of the settlers sought refuge in stockades. These stockades were often built around a settler's home and named for the settler who owned the surrounding land or home. The Treaty of Fort Jackson essentially brought the Creek War to a close, but various skirmishes and conflicts between Red Sticks and settlers continued, culminating in the Battle of Pensacola.