Bernoulli trial

In the theory of probability and statistics, a Bernoulli trial (or binomial trial) is a random experiment with exactly two possible outcomes, "success" and "failure", in which the probability of success is the same every time the experiment is conducted. It is named after Jacob Bernoulli, a 17th-century Swiss mathematician, who analyzed them in his (1713). The mathematical formalisation of the Bernoulli trial is known as the Bernoulli process. This article offers an elementary introduction to the concept, whereas the article on the Bernoulli process offers a more advanced treatment. Since a Bernoulli trial has only two possible outcomes, it can be framed as some "yes or no" question. For example: Is the top card of a shuffled deck an ace? Was the newborn child a girl? (See human sex ratio.)