Overview
The bailiff is the chief justice in each of the Channel Island bailiwicks of Guernsey and Jersey, also serving as president of the legislature and having ceremonial and executive functions. Each bailiwick has possessed its own bailiff since the islands were divided into two jurisdictions in the 13th century. The bailiffs and deputy bailiffs are appointed by the Crown on the advice of the Secretary of State for Justice (not by the governments or legislatures of the islands) and may hold office until retirement age (65 in Guernsey, 70 in Jersey).
Name
After 1212, the King of England appointed a custodian to manage the Crown's affairs in the Channel Islands. At this time, there was no distinction between Warden/Governor and Bailiff, as evolved in later centuries. Officeholder Philip de Aubigné styled his role in 1218 as , being the Latin term for a person who looked after the interests of a Lord. With this meaning, could be translated to the English word 'Warden', by which the office is normally called today and became officially known after 1259.
The Warden was normally absent from the island, only regularly visiting for the triennial assize. Therefore, the Warden's quotidian duties would have been carried out by a team of deputies, who were islanders and who became referred to as the . As such, one or more . By the end of the 13th century, the modern position of Bailiff appears in record, emerging from this position of .
Roles of the bailiffs
Originally, the bailiff was both legislator and judge, but the position has become increasingly concentrated on the judicial functions. The bailiff presides in the main trial court in his island – the Royal Court of Jersey and the Royal Court of Guernsey, where they sit with Jurats, elected lay judges responsible for making finds of fact. The bailiff of each island is also a member of the court of appeal in his island, and that of the other.
The bailiffs are the presidents (presiding officers) of the legislatures—the States of Jersey Assembly and the States of Deliberation in Guernsey.
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