Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah Ibni Almarhum Raja Muda Raja Haji Musa (Jawi: سلطان سر علاء الدين سليمان شاه ابن المرحوم راج موسى; 11 September 1863 – 31 March 1938) was the fifth Sultan of Selangor reigning from 1898 to 1938. He was known as Raja Sulaiman before being crowned sultan.
Sultan Sulaiman was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in 1912 and later the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG) in 1929 by the United Kingdom with the title Sir.
Sulaiman's rule was marked by Selangor accession to the Federated Malay States, a federation of four protectorates in the Malay Peninsula, including Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang, established by the British government in 1895, which lasted until 1946.
The Istana Alam Shah was built in 1905 and Sultan Sulaiman resided there until his death in 1938.
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Succession dispute
Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah had many children, his first three sons were Tengku Musa Heddin, Tengku Badar Shah and Tengku Alam Shah. The first two sons were children by his royal consort, Tengku Ampuan Maharum binti Tengku Dhiauddin of the royal house of Kedah. In 1903, Tengku Musa Eddin had been made Tengku Mahkota and was promoted to raja muda (heir apparent) in 1920.
However, at the instigation of the British Resident, Theodore Samuel Adams (1885–1961; in office 1935–1937), Tengku Musa Eddin was dismissed as raja muda in 1934 for alleged "misbehaviour". Adams had accused Tengku Musa Eddin of being a spendthrift and wastrel with a penchant for gambling. However, many Malays in Selangor believed the real reason for Tengku Musa Eddin's dismissal was his refusal to follow Adams' orders.
Although Sultan Sulaiman pleaded for the case of Tengku Musa Eddin (even petitioning the Secretary of State for the Colonies and discussing the issue directly with him in London), Tengku Alam Shah was instead proclaimed raja muda over his other half-brother Tengku Badar. The appointment occurred on 20 July 1936.
Tengku Alam Shah was proclaimed sultan on 4 April 1938, four days after the death of Sultan Sulaiman. On 26 January 1939, he was crowned at the Istana Mahkota Puri in Klang. Tengku Musa Eddin, then Tengku Kelana Jaya Putera, presided over the ceremony.
Marriages and issue
Sulaiman married eleven times, and had 44 children; 26 sons and 18 daughters.
He first married Tengku Ampuan Paduka Seri Negara Tunku Maharum binti Tunku Ziauddin @ Tengku Kudin of Kedah, his first cousin, on 15 March 1891. She became his royal consort. They had five children together, one son and four daughters. Their four daughters received the title tengku puteri after his coronation on 4 November 1903. Their only son became the seventh Sultan of Selangor. Tengku Ampuan Paduka Seri Negara Tunku Maharum binti Tunku Ziauddin died in 1908 from tuberculosis.
Tengku Mussa Heddin (1893–1955)
Tengku Puteri Maheran (1894–1981)
Tengku Puteri Fatimah (1896–1968)
Tengku Puteri Arfah (1898–1961)
Tengku Puteri Zaharah, Tengku Permaisuri Langkat (1899–1982)
He next married Cik Hasnah @ Aminah binti Pilong c. 1895. They had four children, two sons and two daughters. Their second son, Tengku Alam Shah became the sixth Sultan of Selangor, and the second Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
Tengku Badar Shah, Tengku Bendahara (1893–1945)
Tengku Badariah (1896–1937)
Tengku Alam Shah (1898–1960)
Tengku Salwa, Tengku Puan Panglima Diraja (1901–1972)
He then married his third consort, Cik Sofia binti Abdul Ghani in 1899. They had no children together.
His fourth marriage was to Cik Rogayah binti Muhammad Amin, c. 1908. Their marriage ended with her death in 1909 from childbirth complications. The couple had one son.
Legacy
Several places have been named after him, including:
Sulaiman Building, Kuala Lumpur, formerly housing the Syariah Court of Malaysia, presently the Asian International Arbitration Centre
Sultan Sulaiman Mosque in Klang, Selangor
Alaeddin Mosque (Jugra, Malaysia)
Kolej Sultan Alaeddin Suleiman Shah, a residential college at Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor
SMK Sultan Sulaiman Shah, a secondary school in Bestari Jaya, Selangor
Jalan Sultan Sir Alaeddin Suleiman Shah in Shah Alam, Selangor