18th United States Congress

The 18th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1823, to March 4, 1825, during the seventh and eighth years of James Monroe's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority. Major events August 1823: Arikara War fought between the Arikara nation and the United States, the first American military conflict with the Plains Indians. December 2, 1823: Monroe Doctrine: President James Monroe delivered a speech to the Congress, announcing a new policy of forbidding European interference in the Americas and establishing American neutrality in future European conflicts. February 9, 1825: John Quincy Adams elected as President of the United States by the House of Representatives in accordance with the contingent election provision of the Twelfth Amendment, as no candidate had received a majority of the electoral votes cast in the 1824 presidential election. The House was required to choose between Adams, Andrew Jackson, and William Crawford (the top three presidential electoral-vote recipients), with the delegation from each of the 24 states having one vote. Adams was elected on the first ballot by 13 to 7 to 4. {| class="wikitable" ! | States for Adams ! | States for Jackson ! | States for Crawford |-style="vertical-align:top" | Connecticut Illinois Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Missouri New Hampshire New York Ohio Rhode Island Vermont | Alabama Indiana Mississippi New Jersey Pennsylvania South Carolina Tennessee | Delaware Georgia North Carolina Virginia |- | |Total: 13 (54%) | |Total: 7 (29%) | |Total: 4 (17%) |}