xiphoid process

The xiphoid process, also referred to as the ensiform process, xiphisternum, or metasternum, constitutes a small cartilaginous process (extension) located in the inferior segment of the sternum, typically ossified in adult humans.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Muscolino|first1=Joseph E.|title=The Muscle and Bone Palpation Manual with Trigger Points, Referral Patterns and Stretching|date=2008|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0323051712|page=104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k-C07_fNiYsC&q=Xiphoid+process}}</ref> Both the Greek-derived term xiphoid and its Latin equivalent, ensiform, connote a "swordlike" or "sword-shaped" morphology. Structure The xiphoid process is anatomically situated at the level of the 9th thoracic vertebra (T9) and corresponds to the T7 dermatome. Development In neonates and young infants, particularly smaller infants, the tip of the xiphoid process may be seen as a palpable lump situated just below the sternal notch. Between the ages of 15 and 29, the xiphoid process typically undergoes fusion with the body of the sternum through a fibrous joint. Unlike the synovial articulation of major joints, this joint does not permit movement. Ossification of the xiphoid process typically occurs around the age of 40. Variation The xiphoid process may exhibit natural bifurcation or, in some instances, perforation (referred to as a xiphoidal foramen). These morphological variations are hereditary, which can facilitate the categorization of family members when addressing burial remains. These morphological differences carry no health implications; they simply represent variances in form.