Across regions, AI compute initiatives are contending with real-world frictions: Kubernetes-based training wastes GPUs when cross-zone networking throttles AllReduce, while Korean startups report a lack of high-performance AI chips for self-driving verification. Meanwhile, India’s ambitious AI mission has amassed tens of thousands of GPUs but struggles to attract enough users and navigate procurement bottlenecks, even as governments push Physical AI ports and large-scale deployment plans.