India and Israel have concluded the second round of talks on a proposed free trade agreement in New Delhi, held July 20-23, focusing on goods and services, rules of origin, and a range of trade-related chapters including intellectual property rights, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, and customs procedures. Delegations conducted detailed technical sessions aimed at narrowing gaps and identifying areas of convergence to craft a balanced, comprehensive, and mutually beneficial pact. The discussions reiterated a commitment to accelerating negotiations under the November 2025 Terms of Reference framework and highlighted complementarities across sectors to deepen bilateral economic ties. Official data show bilateral merchandise trade at about 3.93 billion USD in 2025-26, underscoring the potential gains from a robust FTA. Both sides emphasized an early conclusion of the agreement to further expand trade and economic cooperation between India and Israel. The round followed a structured roadmap designed to advance negotiations while maintaining momentum for a timely final agreement.